Bigger and faster ships, better road connections, railroad and inland trade, continuous develop in world economy evolution container transport. Today transport of commodities by containers are very important element of transport, especially on far distances. What way has stayed container to became one from columns of international transport system? Framer of burden called later container is American Malcolm Mc-Lean. In thirtieth years he saw need of reduction time of loading and unloading.
Prototype of container became created in 1956 year in USA, and first ship of this type year later in Bremen. In next two years the most important business lines went to container traffic. They have improved and speeded up loading and unloading and transport of loads. They have eliminated expensive and dangerous for commodity reloads. Today almost every load is possible to transport with their help. In comparison with commodities transported margin these are values ten times more advantageous. The biggest advantage of container is his toughness and possibility to using many times. His construction enable him transport one or many ways of transport without necessity of preference included inside load. Besides, due to size of container and equip him with proper handles, reload on whole world could be in big measure automated. It means that intelligent movement in terminals, without staff moving transport vehicle.
In this moment about 70% of all commodities is possible to transport in containers. In year world scale and only with help ships, transported is 350 millions these tin boxes and this number means about 75% participation in general world business. Bilge capacity of containers is served in conventional unit TEU what mean number of containers 20 fetes length, which can be loaded on any unit.
Actually generally in circulation are ships with loading about 8000 TEU, on which containers are put in eight or more vertical coats. However In preparation are ships which can load up to 15 000 TEU however more and more participation in general transportation have small ships. Besides typed in use, there are also special containers. Renting is possible in case of ice containers, containers with open roof and platforms for transport heavy commodities.
